PAN International Consolidated List of Banned Pesticides – Explanatory Note
Explanatory note
Edition 2, July 2015
Pesticide Action Network (PAN) has frequently been asked for information on pesticides that have been banned by countries. The Consolidated List of Banned Pesticides (CL) has been developed to identify which pesticides have been banned by particular countries because there appears to be no other source for such information.
The CL also shows whether these pesticides are regarded as highly hazardous (HHP) according to the criteria established by the FAO/WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Management (JMPM)1 and/or according to the criteria agreed by PAN.2 It does not include those banned pesticides regarded as being obsolete according to the 2009 WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard. It also does not include severe restrictions; entries are for complete bans only. This is because experience has shown that, in some countries, severely restricted pesticides can still find there way into prohibited uses relatively easily.
The CL is an ongoing exercise in drawing together information on pesticides that have been banned in various countries. This could be regarded as another means of identifying pesticides that may be regarded as HHPs, at least in some countries, as bans are often made in response to problems experienced in that country, or other countries. The CL is far from complete as many countries do not publish lists of banned pesticides, nor notify them to the secretariat of the Rotterdam Convention. For example, it is understood that 104 countries have banned endosulfan, but the CL shows only 71 countries because the endosulfan bans have not been entered for those countries for which an official list of bans is not yet available. As new information on bans is obtained, the CL will be updated. An updated version of the list will be published by PAN approximately every 6 months, depending on availability of new information.
One new country (Togo) and one new pesticide (glyphosate) have been added since the first edition of this list, plus a number of other bans by countries.
How to Use the Consolidated List
The list is in a spreadsheet rather than a PDF document partly because of the size and partly for ease of reading.
- The total number of countries that have banned each particular pesticide can be found in column C in red, and the total number of pesticides banned by each country can be found in red in row 3.
- Where a pesticide is banned in a country it is identified by 1 in the country column.
- The column headed ‘PAN HHP’ identifies whether the pesticide banned is on the PAN HHP list, denoted by X. It does not include all pesticides on the PAN HHP list, only those that one or more countries have banned, or in the case of the EU not approved (see below for explanation).
- The column headed ‘JMPM HHP’ identifies whether the pesticide banned meets the JMPM criteria for an HHP, denoted by X. It does not include all pesticides that meet the JMPM criteria, only those that one or more countries have banned.
- The pesticides in blue are ones that have not been banned in any country but are HHPs, according to PAN criteria, and not approved in the EU; see below for further explanation.
- The red tag alongside a country name and/or an entry in a country column identifies the source of the information. Run your mouse over the tag and the source is revealed. Sources are summarized in an Annex to this note.
European Union (EU)
The CL contains two columns for the EU. The first column is for bans notified to the Rotterdam Secretariat. However, this does not give the full picture. In the EU pesticides must be on the positive, or approved, list before they can be registered in any of the EU member countries. A large number of pesticides are specifically not approved but not in fact banned. These pesticides can be approved again, theoretically, some time in the future. So the second column reflects whether the pesticides listed as banned in any other country, or are HHPs, are approved or not approved currently in the EU:
– 1 means it is not approved
– a blank space means it is approved
– ? means the information is not available.
The EU approved/not approved status (but not the banned status) can change at any time, and therefore should be checked by anyone wanting to know the current situation. This information can be found in the EU pesticides database at: http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public/?event=activesubstance.selection
Additionally, there are a large number of other pesticides specifically not approved in the EU. Because there are too many to add to this consolidated list, only those that are HHPs according to the PAN criteria have been included here.
Lastly, it can also happen that active ingredients on the EU positive list may not be registered in all or even any of the EU member states, if no company applies for registration or if a country declines to register it for specific health or environmental reasons. This situation is not reflected in the CL, except where certain EU member countries have notified bans to the Rotterdam Secretariat. These are identified under that country as being in addition to the EU bans.
Summary of information
At time of publication of the 2nd Edition, July 2015, information was available for 98 countries.
One or more of these countries have banned a total of 316 pesticide active ingredients or groups of actives regarded as still currently in use. In addition, the EU has refused approval for a further 53 pesticides that meet the PAN criteria for an HHP.
The countries with the most known bans are Saudi Arabia (65), Cambodia (56), EU (48 banned +169 HHPs not approved), China (46), Thailand (40), Mauritania (42), Guinea (37), Oman (37), and Benin (35).
Sources of information
The primary source of information used, where available, is an official list published by a government agency. A secondary source is the Database of Final Regulatory Action maintained by the secretariat to the Rotterdam Convention. A third source is answers to the Questionnaires issued by SAICM Regional Coordinating Groups. If none of these sources are available, some other sources have been used such as direct communication with authorities, FAO reports etc.
There is occasionally a lack of consistency between the various sources of information. For example, Cameroon: the official list of registered pesticides contains a small section on banned pesticides. These differ from those published on the Rotterdam Convention database. The information supplied in response to the SAICM questionnaire differs from both of the above and includes pesticides that have been banned only for one crop (cacao). In such situations, the official government list is taken as the principal source and the Rotterdam Convention database as a secondary source.
Disclaimer and request
Every effort has been made to ensure the information contained in this CL is correct, but inevitably there will be errors, simply because for some countries there are conflicting lists of bans. If any country notices errors relating to their bans, please inform PAN at panap@panap.net with the subject line Consolidated List of Bans. Additionally, PAN would welcome any information from countries not yet included in the list. This list is available on request from panap@panap.net, as well as at http://www.panap.net
Prepared By Meriel Watts, PhD, PANAP on behalf of PAN International
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1 http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/pests/code/hhp/en/
2 PAN believes that the JMPM criteria do not adequately cover certain health and environmental hazards. For this reason PAN has taken the basic JMPM criteria and added to them criteria for inhalation toxicity (H330) as this is not covered by WHO classification; endocrine disruption; toxicity to bees and aquatic organisms; persistence in water, soil or sediment; and bioaccumulation. http://www.pan-germany.org/download/PAN_HHP_List_140527_F
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Annex 1: Sources of Information by Country
Key: PIC = Rotterdam Convention Secretariat database on final notifications at http://www.pic.int/Procedures/NotificationsofFinalRegulatoryActions/Database/tabid/1368/language/en- US/Default.aspx
1. Armenia – PIC
2. Australia – PIC; http://www.apvma.gov.au/
3. Bangladesh – FAO. 2014. Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
4. Benin – FAO Compilation des Questionnaires Pesticides Tres Dangereux des Pays de l’Afrique de l’Ouest
5. Brazil – PIC
6. Bulgaria – PIC
7. Burkina Faso – PIC
8. Cambodia – FAO. 2014. Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
9. Cameroon – Three sources differ: 1. Official government list: Liste des Pesticides Homologues au Cameroun au 31 Juillet 2013. Liste réservée au Grand Public. http://www.minader.cm/uploads/File/Liste%20des%20Produits%20homologués%20et%20APV%2031%20JUILLET%202013%20Grd%20Public%20V1.pdf. 2. PIC database but not on above list. 3. Response to SAICM questionnaire appears to contain pesticides banned only for use on cacoa, reported as full bans – excluded here.
10. Canada – PIC; Pest Management Regulatory Agency’s Value Assessment and Re- Evaluation Management Directorate
11. Capo Verde -PIC
12. Chad – PIC
13. China – Government list of banned pesticides, supplied by PEAC, 2014. FAO. 2014.
Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May 2014, Nanjing, China
14. Colombia – SAICM GRULAC Coordinator Group Survey on the Status of HHP in Latin
America 2014.
15. Costa Rica – SAICM GRULAC Coordinator Group Survey on the Status of HHP in Latin
America 2014.
16. Cote d’Ivoire – PIC
17. Cuba – PIC
18. Dominican Republic – PIC
19. Ecuador – PIC; SAICM GRULAC Coordinator Group Survey on the Status of HHP in
Latin America 2014
20. EU banned – PIC
21. EU not approved – EU Pesticides Database http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public/?event=activesubstance.selection
22. Fiji – National Plan for Implementation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent
Organic Pollutants in Fiji Islands 2006
23. Gambia – PIC
24. Guinea-Bissau – PIC
25. Guinea – FAO Compilation des Questionnaires Pesticides Tres Dangereux des Pays de l’Afrique de l’Ouest
26. Guyana – PIC
27. Hungary (in addition to EU bans) – PIC
28. India – Government of India, Jan 2014. http://cibrc.nic.in/list_pest_bann.htm
29. Indonesia – Government of Indonesia. Permentan no.24/2011.
30. Iran – PIC
31. Israel – PIC
32. Jamaica – PIC
33. Japan – PIC FAO, 2014. Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
34. Jordan – PIC
35. Korea – FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
36. Kyrgyzstan – PIC
37. Lao DPR – FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
38. Malawi – PIC
39. Malaysia – PIC. FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs,
19-22 May 2014, Nanjing, China
40. Mali – PIC
41. Mauritania – PIC. FAO Compilation des Questionnaires Pesticides Tres Dangereux des
Pays de l’Afrique de l’Ouest
42. Mexico – PIC. SAICM GRULAC Coordinator Group Survey on the Status of HHP in
Latin America 2014.
43. Mongolia – FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
44. Morocco – Non consent for importation of PIC pesticides. http://www.onssa.gov.ma/fr/images/pesticides/pesticides-15-05-2014.pd
45. Mozambique – Deliberação No 001/DNSA/2014. Ministério da Agricultura, Direcção
Nacional de Serviços Agrãrios, Repúblic de Moçambique
46. Myanmar – Government of Myanmar Banned Pesticides List, 2014. FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May 2014, Nanjing, China
47. Nepal – FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
48. Netherlands – PIC
49. New Zealand – PIC. Parliamentary Library. NZ EPA.
50. Nicaragua – Resolucion 01-2014, Comisión Nacional de Registro y Control de Sustancias Tóxicas, La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 49, Managua, Jueves 13 de Marzo de 2014. Clasificación de Productos Para el Control de Plaguicidas, Sustancias Tóxicas Y Peligrosas, Resolución Ministerial No. 23-2004, Aprobado el 17 de Mayo del 2004, Publicado en la Gaceta No 102 del 26 de Mayo del 2004, El Ministerio Agropecuario y Forestal de la República de Nicaragua
51. Niger – PIC. FAO Compilation des Questionnaires Pesticides Tres Dangereux des Pays
de l’Afrique de l’Ouest.
52. Nigeria – PIC
53. Norway – PIC
54. Oman – PIC
55. Pakistan – FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs, 19-22 May
2014, Nanjing, China
56. Panama – PIC
57. Papua New Guinea – Mowbray D, Tom J.2005. Papua New Guinea National Profile of
Chemical management 2000-2004
58. Paraguay – PIC
59. Peru – PIC. SAICM GRULAC Coordinator Group Survey on the Status of HHP in Latin
America 2014.
60. Philippines – Banned and Restricted Pesticides in the Philippines. http://fpa.da.gov.ph/BANNED%20AND%20RESTRICTED%20PESTICIDES%20IN%20THE%20PHILIPPINES.doc
61. Saudi Arabia – PIC
62. Senegal – PIC
63. South Africa – PIC. Notice 1116 of 2013. Notice for Prohibition of Import, Export, Possession, Acquisition, Sale, Use and Disposal of Agricultural Remedies. Staaskoerant,
22 November 2013. No. 37037
64. Sri Lanka – Pearson et al. 2013. Policymaking ‘under the radar’: a case study of pesticide regulation to prevent intentional poisoning in Sri Lanka. Health Policy and Planning 1-12. Does not include bans from 2009 onwards
65. Suriname – PIC, List of Prohibited Pesticides in Suriname, provided by Alies van Sauers, Ministry LVV, Government of Suriname
66. Sweden (in addition to EU bans) – PIC
67. Switzerland – PIC
68. Syria – PIC
69. Thailand – PIC. FAO 2014, Compilation of Questionnaire on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk Assessment and Phasing out of HHPs (FAO/APPPC Asia Regional Workshop on Practical Aspects of Pesticide Risk assessment and phasing out of HHPs,
19-22 May 2014, Nanjing, China
70. PIC
71. Trinidad & Tobago – PIC
72. Uruguay – PIC. SAICM GRULAC Coordinator Group Survey on the Status of HHP in
Latin America 2014.
73. Venezuela – PIC
74. Vietnam – Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. Annex 3. Pesticides Banned in Vietnam
75. Zimbabwe. Personal communication from Pesticides Registration Officer, Ministry of
Agriculture, Mechanisation and Irrigation Development.
Download the PAN International Consolidated List of Banned Pesticides (CL) here.
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